These movements challenged older ideas of expression. A soup can, metal box or written instruction could all become art by changing context and attention.
They also forced viewers to confront consumer culture, industrial fabrication, authorship and institutions.
How to look
Look beyond one center. Postwar art moves through New York, Paris, Mexico City, Lagos, Tokyo, Sao Paulo, Seoul and many other networks.
Notice how the artwork becomes action, environment, document, idea, institution critique, body politics or public argument.